🌸 Spring Forward
1:00 AM → 2:00 AM · lose an hour
🍂 Fall Back
2:00 AM → 1:00 AM · gain an hour
Portugal keeps WET in winter and shifts one hour forward for the summer.
Countdown to the next change
Spring transition
Lose an hour of sleep, gain an hour of evening daylight
Autumn transition
Gain an hour of sleep as standard time returns
Longer evenings
Sunset falls an hour later through the summer months
Earlier sunrises
Winter mornings get light sooner once the clocks go back
Economic Impact of DST in Portugal
The economic effects of Daylight Saving Time in Portugal are real but modest, and studies disagree on their size. Retailers and hospitality businesses generally favour DST, arguing that lighter evenings encourage shopping, dining out and other after-work spending — the US retail lobby was one of the main forces behind the 2005 extension of the DST period.
The transitions themselves carry a cost. Research from Chmura Economics has put the one-off economic cost of the spring change in the United States at roughly $430 million a year, driven by lost productivity, workplace injuries and the health effects of a disrupted night's sleep.
Agricultural Considerations
The story that DST was introduced for farmers has it exactly backwards. Farmers in Portugal and elsewhere were among its most persistent opponents, and the American farm lobby successfully campaigned to have national DST repealed after the First World War.
The reason is straightforward: farm work follows the sun, not the clock. Moving the clock forward just means doing the same work an hour earlier by the clock, while deliveries, markets and hired labour all shift with it. Dairy farmers make the point most often, since cows keep to their own schedule and take several days to adjust to a changed milking time.
Did you know?
- The European Parliament voted in 2019 to end mandatory clock changes, but member states never agreed on which time to keep, so the change has stalled indefinitely.
- Benjamin Franklin is often credited with inventing DST, but his 1784 essay was satire — he joked that Parisians could save candles by waking earlier. The modern proposal came from New Zealander George Hudson in 1895 and Briton William Willett in 1907.
- The Uniform Time Act of 1966 ended a chaotic period in which US cities set their own clock-change dates, and established a uniform national schedule.
Frequently asked questions
When do the clocks change in Portugal in 2028?
Clocks go forward on Sunday, March 26, 2028 and back on Sunday, October 29, 2028.
Which way do the clocks go?
"Spring forward, fall back" is the usual mnemonic: forward one hour in spring, back one hour in autumn.
Do I have to change anything myself?
Phones, computers and anything that syncs over the internet update on their own. Car clocks, ovens, microwaves and older wall clocks generally do not.
Is Daylight Saving Time being scrapped?
It has been proposed in many places and adopted in few. The European Parliament voted in 2019 to end mandatory clock changes and the change has stalled; in the United States the Sunshine Protection Act has repeatedly passed the Senate without becoming law. Most of the world that changes its clocks is still changing them.